{"id":1664,"date":"2019-10-16T11:05:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-16T07:35:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/airoserver.com\/?p=1664"},"modified":"2022-04-04T09:10:47","modified_gmt":"2022-04-04T04:40:47","slug":"what-is-dhcp-server","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/airoserver.com\/fr\/dedie\/quest-ce-quun-serveur-dhcp\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu'est-ce que le serveur DHCP ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans nos articles pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, nous avons abord\u00e9 les sujets suivants IP<\/a> compl\u00e8tement. Nous avons dit que chaque appareil qui souhaite rejoindre un r\u00e9seau re\u00e7oit une adresse IP. Mais comment ces appareils savent-ils quelle IP ils doivent obtenir ? C'est l\u00e0 que le protocole DHCP peut nous aider.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Attribution de l'IP<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Il existe deux fa\u00e7ons d'attribuer des adresses IP aux appareils :<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    \r\n
  1. Statiquement :<\/strong> vous devez passer en revue toutes les IP utilis\u00e9es dans le r\u00e9seau pour vous assurer que l'une d'entre elles n'est pas occup\u00e9e, puis attribuer une IP non occup\u00e9e \u00e0 l'appareil. Vous devez \u00e9galement veiller \u00e0 choisir une IP qui a le bon num\u00e9ro d'identification. Net ID<\/a> afin d'\u00eatre visible dans ce r\u00e9seau.<\/li>\r\n
  2. De mani\u00e8re dynamique :<\/strong> Cela signifie que lorsqu'un appareil se connecte \u00e0 un r\u00e9seau, une adresse IP lui est automatiquement attribu\u00e9e. Mais que signifie cette attribution automatique ?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    DHCP<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    Un serveur DHCP est un serveur r\u00e9seau qui attribue automatiquement des adresses IP, des passerelles par d\u00e9faut et d'autres param\u00e8tres r\u00e9seau aux appareils clients. Il s'appuie sur le protocole de configuration dynamique des h\u00f4tes (DHCP) pour r\u00e9pondre aux demandes de diffusion des clients.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    Le DHCP peut donc simplifier l'attribution et la gestion des adresses IP dans un r\u00e9seau. Imaginez que vous ayez 30 appareils clients diff\u00e9rents dans un endroit et que vous souhaitiez qu'ils soient tous dans le m\u00eame r\u00e9seau. Pour ce faire, vous devez leur attribuer \u00e0 tous des adresses IP avec le m\u00eame ID de r\u00e9seau. Il est \u00e9vident que cela prend beaucoup de temps de le faire manuellement, c'est pourquoi, au lieu de passer en revue tous les appareils et de leur attribuer une IP un par un, vous pouvez demander \u00e0 un DHCP de le faire pour vous.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    Comment cela fonctionne-t-il ?<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

    Les \u00e9tapes de l'attribution de l'IP par DHCP sont appel\u00e9es DORA : Discovery, Offer, Request, and Acknowledgment (d\u00e9couverte, offre, demande et accus\u00e9 de r\u00e9ception).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      \r\n
    1. D\u00e9couverte :<\/strong> Le client envoie une demande de diffusion pour trouver un serveur DHCP.<\/li>\r\n
    2. Offre :<\/strong> Lorsque le serveur DHCP re\u00e7oit le message de d\u00e9couverte, il propose l'adressage IP au client par unicast.<\/li>\r\n
    3. Demande :<\/strong> Une fois que le client a re\u00e7u l'offre, il envoie officiellement un message de demande au serveur, cette fois par unicast.<\/li>\r\n
    4. Remerciements :<\/strong> Le serveur envoie un message ACKNOWLEDGE confirmant le bail DHCP au client. Le client est maintenant autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 utiliser les nouveaux param\u00e8tres IP.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
      \r\n
      \"Comment<\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      Le risque de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 li\u00e9 \u00e0 l'utilisation de DHCP<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      L'utilisation d'un serveur DHCP n'a pas que des avantages et des inconv\u00e9nients.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      Le protocole DHCP ne n\u00e9cessite aucune authentification, de sorte que n'importe quel client peut rapidement rejoindre un r\u00e9seau. De ce fait, il pr\u00e9sente un certain nombre de risques pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, notamment des serveurs non autoris\u00e9s qui transmettent de mauvaises informations aux clients, des clients non autoris\u00e9s qui re\u00e7oivent des adresses IP, etc.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      Comme le client n'a aucun moyen de valider l'authenticit\u00e9 d'un serveur DHCP, il peut provoquer des attaques par d\u00e9ni de service ou des attaques \u00e0 l'encontre des utilisateurs. homme du milieu<\/a> o\u00f9 un faux serveur intercepte des donn\u00e9es qui peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 des fins malveillantes. Inversement, comme le serveur DHCP n'a aucun moyen d'authentifier un client, il distribue des informations sur les adresses IP \u00e0 tout appareil qui en fait la demande. Un acteur mena\u00e7ant pourrait configurer un client pour qu'il change continuellement ses informations d'identification et \u00e9puise rapidement toutes les adresses IP disponibles dans le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre, emp\u00eachant ainsi les terminaux de l'entreprise d'acc\u00e9der au r\u00e9seau.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

      Nous esp\u00e9rons que vous avez appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 cet article. Si c'est le cas, vous pouvez visiter notre blog<\/a> pour en savoir plus.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      In our earlier posts, we have discussed IP completely. We said that every device that wants to join a network, gets an IP. But how do these devices know which IP they should get? This is when DHCP can help us. IP Assignment There are two ways of assigning IPs to devices: Statically: you have […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":33961,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[179,176,182,178],"tags":[85,184],"class_list":["post-1664","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-airoserver","category-dedicated","category-shared-hosting","category-airo-vps","tag-airoserver","tag-network"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat is DHCP Server?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The DHCP server assigns IP addresses automatically. So, instead of going over every device and assign an IP to them one by one, DHCP does it for us.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/airoserver.com\/fr\/dedie\/quest-ce-quun-serveur-dhcp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is DHCP Server?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The DHCP server assigns IP addresses automatically. 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